Energy-saving and environmental protection is the development of the two major themes in today’s world, countries in the world are scrambling to develop electric vehicles and other energy-saving products. In the current hybrid cars and the future of electric vehicles used or to be used in batteries, there is a nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium batteries dispute.
According to the Investment Advisor “issued by the battery industry in China 2009-2012 Forecast of Investment Analysis and Report” (hereinafter referred to as the “Report”) shows, however, short-term auto motive power battery market is not showing all the case with the lithium batteries in lithium – battery technology is mature, the nickel-metal hydride battery lithium battery market will be gradually eroded. Compared with the lithium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries have a life outside the insufficient capacity and lack of defects such as plug-in charging. Lithium batteries represent a hybrid vehicle battery power the future, and the present from a cost and commercial point of view, a more realistic option is to nickel-metal hydride batteries.
The report also noted that the new energy vehicles will be in the “Ni-MH – Lithium-Ion battery – fuel cell” industry-oriented development path. From the development trend and rate, and short-term performance can be realized only nickel-hydrogen batteries; in 3-5 years, lithium battery-related industrial chain will not have a substantial contribution to the performance. Lithium iron phosphate dell inspiron 6400 battery immature, as well as the Department of Public letter issued new standards for access to new energy vehicles also made nickel-hydrogen battery manufacturers have seen in the short-term hope.
I. Analysis of nickel-metal hydride battery development
Nickel-hydrogen battery has just entered the mature stage, is currently used in hybrid electric vehicle battery system, the only real validation was commercial, large-scale battery systems, the global mass-produced hybrid car has been used in all nickel-hydrogen battery system.
“Report” shows that the current hybrid battery market share of 99% nickel-hydrogen dell inspiron 640m battery, commercial representative is Toyota Prius. Currently the world’s leading vehicle power battery manufacturers are mainly in Japan PEVE and Sanyo, PEVE Global Hybrid-powered cars occupy the Ni-MH battery 85% of the market share, is currently the main commercial hybrid cars such as Toyota Prius, Alphard and Estima, as well as the Honda Civic, Insight Dengjun used PEVE nickel hydrogen batteries.
At present, the Chang’an Jie Xun, Chery A5, FAW Pentium, General Grand Hyatt brands such as model cars have been running, they are also used in nickel-metal hydride batteries, but batteries are purchasing from abroad, the domestic nickel-metal hydride batteries in the car on the use of match is still in development stage. Keli Yuan is currently working with the domestic Chery Automobile, Chang’an Automobile and other co-operation, the first production line of products are mainly supplied Chery Automobile.
Second, China’s Ni-MH battery industry and company analysis
In the Ni-MH battery field, our technology and resources are an advantage, China’s performance of the world’s leading nickel hydroxide, rare-earth rich in natural resources, has unique advantages in resources, therefore, the development of nickel-hydrogen dell inspiron 700m battery is the country’s most realistic option.
Li Sheng-mao that from Ni-MH battery industry chain perspective, the upstream raw material manufacturers for the metal mineral mining companies, mid-stream for the nickel-metal hydride battery materials supplier, downstream of the battery manufacturer. From a more optimistic view of the industry chain downstream manufacturers, the current state of competition in the upstream firms supply-demand balance, but the battery power is far downstream and midstream Keli Torch High-tech manufacturers are in short supply in the state.
Nickel upstream providers are Jean-nickel mining industry, while the mid-stream production of nickel-metal hydride battery materials, domestic listed companies, including Jinrui Technology (cathode material for nickel hydroxide), Xiamen Tungsten, and Baotou Steel Rare-earth (RE anode materials for hydrogen storage alloy powder ), in which Xiamen Tungsten is the Ni-MH battery production of hydrogen storage powder leading enterprises, but also involves the production of lithium dell inspiron 710m battery cathode materials, with good room for development.
Downstream firms, the domestic production capacity with a nickel-hydrogen battery or plan to enter the field include Chunlan Group, Ke-li Yuan, the torch high-tech, Hunan Shenzhou, Kane shares, etc., which Chunlan Group is the nickel-hydrogen battery technology HEV leader in its market share in a leading position in the torch high-tech and Hunan Shenzhou has possessed a certain amount of technical base and market position, whereas a force far and Kane Share The main products are still limited to the single battery, power battery project under construction or under construction, the prospects unclear.
However, the strength is far Keli nickel-hydrogen dell inspiron 8600 battery production and processing product of nickel foam, its nickel-metal hydride batteries in the development of the technology is super and the Hong Kong partner, not its own technology.
Keli super far and Hong Kong on July 18, 2008 in Changsha, signed a joint venture agreement, co-financing the establishment of 50 million yuan in Hunan Branch Pa Power Battery Co., Ltd., in which companies account for 75% of the share capital of Hong Kong’s ultra-occupied 25% of the company in a holding position. Joint venture company is mainly engaged in hybrid with nickel-hydrogen battery production, first proposed the establishment of production lines with a capacity of 1,500 units per month for an annual output of 18,000 units for the nickel hydrogen-powered electric vehicle battery pack.
Li Sheng-mao, according to analysis, Keli is far from raw material nickel foam nickel-metal hydride batteries international leader, is currently Toyota’s battery supplier to supply batteries PEVE monomer, missing is the battery pack assembly. The super has a nickel-hydrogen battery pack assembly technology and engineering practice, has been in Hong Kong, to promote a purely electric vehicles. The joint venture company in the field of dell inspiron 9300 battery raw materials, the size and cost advantages, and super combination of assembly technology is a win-win result.
In fact, as early as 1997, * ST Chunlan (600,854) is the major shareholder Chunlan Group began to enter the nickel-metal hydride battery research and development. In 2002, the Shenzhou Chunlan Group and other companies to participate in the Southern United States 15 “863″ plan electric vehicle research and development projects. Chunlan Group has also become the only master their own patented technology Ni-MH battery manufacturers. Up to now, its patented nickel-metal hydride batteries 57, in which seven patents.
At present, Chunlan Group already have nickel-metal hydride dell inspiron 9400 battery industrial production capacity, nickel-metal hydride batteries account for 50% of domestic market share. According to reports, if its production lines operating at full capacity, capacity to assemble 1,800 units of new energy vehicles. Meanwhile, the Chunlan Group plans to expand production capacity at the end of 2009 the scale.
Chunlan has become “10 City, 1000,” the main driving force of new energy vehicles suppliers. As early 2009 pilot the number of cities from 10 to 13, which accounted for 70% of Chunlan Group share in the tender. As “10 City, 1000″ on the campaign vehicle manufacturer FAW Group and Zhuzhou passenger car manufacturers are using Chunlan Group’s nickel-metal hydride batteries. Meanwhile, the Chunlan Group is working with other domestic passenger car manufacturers links to nickel-metal hydride batteries are used in passenger car manufacturing.
However, expensive Chunlan Group will become the main obstacle to increase their market share. It is reported that provides bus Chunlan Group Ni-MH battery prices at 10 yuan / block or so, the price of passenger cars for the time being is still unknown. Toyota and Keli far the dell inspiron b120 battery for the price of passenger cars were 80,000 yuan / piece, 4.5 yuan / block or so. Chunlan Group, sources said, will reduce production capacity by expanding the product unit price.
3, Japan, nickel-metal hydride battery development briefing
Recently, the Japan Automobile Dealers Association announced in May Japan’s domestic car sales data, the data show that in May Japan’s domestic car sales decline by 19.4%, the Japan Automobile Dealers Association statistics from 1968 have been the lowest sales month.
Even if Japan’s domestic car sales figures for the whole not very optimistic, but in the field of new energy vehicle sales market has an unexpected “hot” situation. It is reported that the new Prius in Japan after the May sales in Japan more than doubled over the same period the previous year, ranking the first time ever single month sales topped the list. Followed by Honda’s Fit (May sales of 8,859 units); came in third is also a hybrid Honda Insight (5 month sales of 8,183 units).
Li Sheng-mao researchers believe that Japan is currently the international new dell inspiron b130 battery energy automobiles and power cell research and application of the most advanced countries, Japan does have a green car behind the hot face of global warming, the factors that increase people’s environmental awareness, but also choose environment-friendly economy cars consideration of fuel-efficient, but the eco-car price, after all, than the same high-grade cars several ¥ 100,000 (USD 1 approximately ¥ 98). Obviously, if there is no great support of the Government of Japan, Japanese society is difficult to form the environmentally friendly car sales boom.
To promote the popularization of environmentally friendly cars, Japan, from April 1, 2009 come into operation on a “green tax”, which is only available, including pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, clean diesel, natural gas vehicles and access to certified low-emission and fuel consumption low vehicles. The first 3 class car was the Japanese government is defined as “the next generation of cars” to buy these cars will be allowed to enjoy exemption from a variety of tax incentives.
Implemented in April this year, Japanese automakers most prominent feature of tax cuts is to promote environmental protection, a variety of new vehicles bought by the amount of time can enjoy a tax reduction depends primarily on the environmental indicators of the car. According to Green Car of the nature and the different indicators, the purchase of new cars required to pay when you purchase the car tax and vehicle weight tax can be free, reduction of 75% or 50% reduction. To price of 200 million yen, 1-1.5 tons of hybrid dell inspiron e1405 battery vehicles lies, for example, vehicle purchase tax for up to 10 million yen, the vehicle weight tax relief of up to ¥ 56,700. According to the Japanese government’s estimates, the new eco-car tax benefit and one-year tax cut is about the size of ¥ 210,000,000,000, is environmentally friendly cars had 10 times the preferential schemes.
The Japanese government and companies already have a lot of hybrid electric vehicle market. In fact, as early as in 1997, Toyota began selling hybrid vehicles, to the October 2005 date, sold 410,000 units, mainly in domestic sales. Government support and encouragement, the intermediary for the Japanese small and medium enterprises engaged in research of new energy vehicles to provide support, while the specific promotion of Economy, Trade and Industry, since the last century since the 90s, carried out the required fuel cell vehicles share the new technologies, device research. The Government of Japan also universities and research institutions engaged in fuel cell development has given more subsidies.
The Japanese Government’s active support, Japan’s major automobile manufacturers, without exception, have also put forward its own strategy for environmentally friendly vehicles, as a pioneer in producing hybrids dell inspiron e1505 battery, Toyota’s North American Auto Show in January this year, announced in the next few years, Toyota’s hybrid cars will increase to 10. In addition, Toyota will also actively develop a pure electric vehicle, planned for the end of 2012 will be of such vehicles into the U.S. market.
Honda’s early in February this year to market a new type of hybrid “INSIGHT”, this model uses Honda’s original hybrid system, significantly reducing the cost to achieve less than the low price of 1.9 million yen; Nissan mass production in 2012 will also be pure electric cars, launch in Japan and Europe markets; Mitsubishi Motors, Fuji Heavy also plans to achieve by 2010 the commercialization of electric vehicles. Now, Japan has formed a government, industry, academia to promote integration, the development trend of new energy vehicles. Government, research institutions and enterprises in the development of new energy vehicles, has reached a strategic consensus.
However, despite the prospect of environmentally friendly vehicles by the Japanese government and the industry generally good, but to achieve universal access a number of issues need to be settled. Although the fuel-efficient as hybrids, but the manufacturing cost remains high, and fewer models, consumer choice is small; pure battery electric vehicles used in research and development is still the bottleneck in the development of such vehicles, the main issues, including charging a long time , the replacement dell xps m140 battery costs higher.
Fourth, the prospects for nickel-metal hydride batteries
Li Sheng-mao said that with the international oil price rose to 70 U.S. dollars, the new energy vehicles the advantages of starting to show. The world’s crude oil supplies tight and prices continued to rise, government, research institutions and enterprises to accelerate the development and promotion of new energy vehicles for the direct driving forces. At the same time, the International Energy changes in the environment, but also for new energy vehicles (currently mainly hybrid cars) enters the stage, creating market conditions.
Li Sheng-mao pointed out that in the development of new energy vehicles, the nickel-metal hydride dell latitude c640 battery technology the most mature in the next three years, will remain the mainstream of new energy vehicles, followed by nickel-metal hydride battery technology and lithium iron phosphate, hydrogen fuel cells, one-third of the world, 5-year Li-ion batteries and will be gradually replaced by fuel cells. Battery giant Panasonic and Sanyo also found that the lithium-ion battery can not be replaced in 2 ~ 3 years, nickel-hydrogen batteries, mainly due to cheaper nickel-hydrogen battery safety, has reached large-scale production. Lithium batteries also need to continue to research topics, such as security, so take time commercial.
According to Japan’s Fuji economic analysis, the mainstream nickel-metal hydride batteries will be able to continue until 2011, but after 2011, Li-ion battery will gradually erode the market share of the nickel-metal hydride batteries, the agency predicted in 2009 car-use nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries in the world size of the market than the previous year by 23.7% to ¥ 92,000,000,000, but the 2015 Ni-MH rechargeable dell latitude c800 battery-vehicle market will fall to ¥ 55,000,000,000.
In the development of new energy vehicles in China is expected to pass catch up with the global automotive industry, therefore, must not catch up with Europe and the United States at the critical moment, “Wo Lidou” but should look farther into the world, during which Japan could learn from the successful experience of taking the Government’s industry a reasonable guide, links to consumer subsidies, and integration of the various car prices, battery manufacturers, research institutions, the strength, joint development model, rapid increase of China’s electric vehicle industry in an international status, is the development of new energy vehicles wise Ju.
5, 3-5 years, Ni-MH battery status would be challenged
Lithium-ion battery in 2-3 years, although difficult to replace the nickel-hydrogen dell latitude c810 battery, however, not be overlooked is the future of lithium batteries will replace the nickel-metal hydride batteries into the mainstream of new energy vehicles. At present, Japan’s leading automotive and battery businesses have invested in building lithium-ion power battery production line, concentrated in the 2010-2011 production. Fuji economy that the lithium-ion battery will begin in 2011 to gradually replace the nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion battery, as no doubt the future of mainstream technology route.
Today, Japan In addition to the focus shift to lithium batteries, the Japanese cars in the new energy development and use, especially in the fuel cell vehicle development and promotion, much faster than China’s domestic expectations. A few years ago Japan’s economy, Trade and Industry on the right fuel cell vehicle development and promotion of a timetable, its strategic objectives are: By 2010, the Japanese use of fuel cell vehicles to reach 50000; in 2020 to reach 5 million; 2030 year, to universal access to fuel cell cars.
In this regard, Li Sheng-mao, not without anxiety that the person who, without their finest hour, the current A shares in the torch high in 2010 and 2011, respectively, of their nickel-metal hydride dell latitude cpi battery production line expansion, its future to face greater risk of investment recovery .
Li Sheng-mao said, technological advances, China’s car prices and the related battery business in addition to promoting the industrialization of nickel-metal hydride hp pavilion zv5000 battery, more attention should be put some of the long-term, to devote human resources to carry out power lithium battery research and development, and to maintain the fuel cell technical follow-up, in order to occupy a broader new energy car market ready. China’s traditional vehicle for at least 10 years behind the Western countries, however, new energy vehicles as an emerging area of new energy vehicles are becoming the world’s auto industry to catch up with China’s auto industry a rare technology “leapfrog” opportunity for domestic enterprises want to be able to to seize the opportunity to emerge in the next round of the automotive industry.